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Class 7 History quiz explanations based on NCERT topics covering Awadh, Sikhs, Marathas, Jat rulers, and the decline of the Mughal Empire.
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Q1. Who was the founder of the Awadh state?
Correct Answer: Saadat Khan
Detailed Explanation
Saadat Khan founded the state of Awadh in the early eighteenth century. He was appointed as the governor of Awadh by the Mughal emperor but gradually established his independent authority. Under his leadership, Awadh became a prosperous and powerful regional state. The rulers of Awadh maintained nominal loyalty to the Mughal Empire while exercising considerable autonomy.
Important NCERT Points
Awadh emerged as one of the important regional kingdoms during the decline of Mughal power.
Exam-Oriented Fact
Saadat Khan is regarded as the founder of the Awadh state.
Quick Revision Line
Saadat Khan founded the state of Awadh.
Q2. Under whom did the Sikhs organize themselves into ‘Jathas’?
Correct Answer: Kapur Singh
Detailed Explanation
During the eighteenth century, the Sikhs organized themselves into small fighting groups known as Jathas under the leadership of Kapur Singh. These groups later joined together to form larger units called Misls. This organization helped the Sikhs strengthen their military and political power in Punjab. It laid the foundation for the rise of Sikh rule in the region.
Important NCERT Points
The Sikh community became a strong political force through the formation of Jathas and Misls.
Exam-Oriented Fact
Kapur Singh played a key role in organizing the Sikhs into military groups.
Quick Revision Line
Kapur Singh organized the Sikhs into Jathas.
Q3. What was the tax collected by Marathas known as?
Correct Answer: Chauth
Detailed Explanation
Chauth was a tax collected by the Marathas from territories outside their direct control. It generally amounted to one-fourth of the revenue collected from an area. The payment of Chauth often provided protection from Maratha attacks. This tax became an important source of income for the expanding Maratha power.
Important NCERT Points
The Marathas collected Chauth and Sardeshmukhi as major sources of revenue.
Exam-Oriented Fact
The term “Chauth” literally means one-fourth.
Quick Revision Line
Chauth was the tax collected by the Marathas.
Q4. Who was the powerful Jat ruler of Bharatpur?
Correct Answer: Suraj Mal
Detailed Explanation
Suraj Mal was one of the most powerful rulers of the Jat kingdom of Bharatpur. He strengthened the kingdom through efficient administration and military organization. Under his leadership, Bharatpur became an influential regional power in northern India. He is often remembered for his political wisdom and leadership skills.
Important NCERT Points
The Jats established a strong kingdom in the region around Bharatpur.
Exam-Oriented Fact
Suraj Mal is considered the most famous ruler of Bharatpur.
Quick Revision Line
Suraj Mal was the powerful Jat ruler of Bharatpur.
Q5. Which battle in 1739 shook the Mughal Empire?
Correct Answer: Battle of Karnal
Detailed Explanation
The Battle of Karnal was fought in 1739 between the Mughal Empire and Nadir Shah of Persia. The Mughal forces were defeated, exposing the weakness of the empire. After the victory, Nadir Shah entered Delhi and carried away immense wealth. The defeat greatly weakened Mughal authority and prestige.
Important NCERT Points
The invasion of Nadir Shah revealed the declining power of the Mughal Empire.
Exam-Oriented Fact
The Battle of Karnal took place in 1739 and marked a major setback for the Mughals.
Quick Revision Line
The Battle of Karnal in 1739 weakened the Mughal Empire.
One-Line Revision Sheet
- Saadat Khan founded the state of Awadh.
- Kapur Singh organized the Sikhs into Jathas.
- Chauth was the tax collected by the Marathas.
- Suraj Mal was the powerful ruler of Bharatpur.
- The Battle of Karnal (1739) weakened the Mughal Empire.
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