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Practice Class 10 Science MCQ Questions with Answers based on NCERT concepts. Revise transport of food by phloem, male sex hormones, glucose breakdown into pyruvate, precipitation reactions, and tropical rainforests with exam-focused explanations.
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Chapter Information
Subject: Science
Class: 10
Topics: Life Processes, Control and Coordination, Chemical Reactions, Our Environment
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Difficulty Level: Easy to Moderate
Based On: NCERT Concepts
Introduction
Class 10 Science covers important concepts related to life processes, chemical reactions and the environment. Understanding how plants transport food, how hormones regulate functions, how glucose is broken down and how ecosystems are distributed helps students answer conceptual questions with confidence.
This practice set contains five NCERT-based MCQs covering important Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Science concepts.
What You Will Learn
✔ Transport of food in plants
✔ Male sex hormones
✔ Breakdown of glucose into pyruvate
✔ Precipitation reactions
✔ Distribution of tropical rainforests
Why This Topic Is Important?
These concepts are useful for understanding how plants transport nutrients, how the human body is regulated by hormones, how cellular respiration begins, how chemical reactions can produce solid products, and where important natural ecosystems are found.
These topics are also useful for school examinations and Class 10 Science revision.
Exam Relevance
These questions are useful for:
✔ CBSE Exams
✔ State Board Exams
✔ School Tests
✔ Unit Tests
✔ Half-Yearly Exams
✔ Annual Exams
✔ Board Examination Revision
Q1. Tropical rainforests are found in:
A) Thar Desert
B) Himalayas
C) Western Ghats and Assam
D) Rajasthan
Answer
Western Ghats and Assam
Concept
Tropical rainforests develop in regions receiving high temperature and abundant rainfall.
Explanation
In India, areas such as the Western Ghats and parts of Assam and the northeastern region receive heavy rainfall and support rich tropical vegetation.
These forests have high biodiversity and contain a large variety of plant and animal species.
Exam Focus
For Class 10-level revision:
Western Ghats + Northeast/Assam → Rich tropical forest vegetation
Q2. The process of formation of a solid product during a chemical reaction is called:
A) Precipitation
B) Condensation
C) Evaporation
D) Distillation
Answer
Precipitation
Concept
Precipitation is the formation of an insoluble solid from a solution during a chemical reaction.
Explanation
In some chemical reactions, two solutions react and produce a substance that does not dissolve in the resulting solution. This insoluble solid separates out and is called a precipitate.
Therefore, the process is known as precipitation.
Exam Focus
Formation of an insoluble solid → Precipitation
A precipitation reaction is a chemical reaction in which an insoluble solid substance is formed from two liquids.
What is a Precipitate?
The solid substance formed during the reaction is called a precipitate.
How it Happens
When two aqueous solutions are mixed, their ions combine to form a solid that does not dissolve in water.
Important Features
- Formation of solid particles
- Colour change may occur
- The reaction usually takes place in liquids
Example
Silver nitrate solution + Sodium chloride solution → White precipitate of silver chloride
Uses of Precipitation Reactions
- Water purification
- Chemical analysis
- Preparation of compounds in laboratories
Importance
These reactions help scientists identify substances and remove impurities from solutions.
Q3. Which plant tissue transports food from leaves to other parts of the plant?
A) Parenchyma
B) Phloem
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Xylem
Answer
Phloem
Concept
Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for transporting food made in the leaves to other parts of the plant.
Explanation
Leaves prepare food through photosynthesis. This food, mainly in the form of sugars, needs to reach growing and storage regions of the plant.
Phloem carries these organic nutrients from the leaves to different parts of the plant.
In comparison, xylem primarily transports water and minerals.
Exam Focus
Remember:
Xylem → Water and minerals
Phloem → Food
Phloem is a special plant tissue responsible for transporting food from leaves to all parts of the plant.
Main Function
Leaves prepare food through photosynthesis. Phloem carries this food to roots, stems, fruits, and flowers.
What Phloem Transports
- Glucose
- Sugars
- Nutrients
Direction of Transport
Unlike xylem, phloem can transport food both upward and downward.
Difference Between Xylem and Phloem
- Xylem → transports water and minerals
- Phloem → transports food
Importance of Phloem
- Supplies energy to plant cells
- Helps in growth and storage of food
- Maintains healthy functioning of the plant
Example
Food made in leaves reaches roots through phloem tissue.
Q4. The breakdown of glucose into pyruvate takes place in the:
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Cytoplasm
D) Chloroplast
Answer
Cytoplasm
Concept
The first stage of glucose breakdown, called glycolysis, occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Explanation
During glycolysis, one glucose molecule is converted into pyruvate. This process takes place in the cytoplasm.
Depending on the availability of oxygen and the organism or cell type, pyruvate can then undergo different pathways.
Exam Focus
Remember:Glucose → Pyruvate → Cytoplasm
The breakdown of glucose into pyruvate is the first step of respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
What is Cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance present inside the cell where many chemical activities take place.
Process Name
This process is called glycolysis.
What Happens During Glycolysis
- One glucose molecule breaks into smaller molecules called pyruvate
- A small amount of energy is released
- The process does not require oxygen in the beginning
Further Breakdown
After glycolysis:
- In presence of oxygen → complete respiration occurs in mitochondria
- In absence of oxygen → anaerobic respiration takes place
Importance
This process provides energy needed for body functions and cell activities.
Example
Human cells continuously break down glucose to release energy for movement and growth.
Q5. Which of the following is a male sex hormone?
A) Testosterone
B) Insulin
C) Progesterone
D) Estrogen
Answer
Testosterone
Concept
Testosterone is the major male sex hormone and plays an important role in the development of male reproductive characteristics.
Explanation
Testosterone is mainly produced by the testes. It contributes to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and supports reproductive functions.
Insulin is involved in regulation of blood glucose, while estrogen and progesterone are primarily associated with female reproductive functions.
Exam FocusTestosterone → Major male sex hormone
Testosterone is the main male sex hormone responsible for the development of male characteristics.
Produced By
It is mainly produced in the testes.
Functions of Testosterone
- Development of male reproductive organs
- Growth of facial hair and body hair
- Deepening of voice during puberty
- Muscle and bone development
Role During Puberty
Testosterone becomes more active during adolescence and causes physical changes in boys.
Comparison with Other Hormones
- Estrogen → female hormone
- Progesterone → female reproductive hormone
- Insulin → controls blood sugar
Importance
This hormone is essential for normal growth, reproduction, and overall male health.
Example
Increase in height and voice changes during teenage years are influenced by testosterone.
Additional Knowledge
1. Acid Reaction with Metals – Hydrogen Gas
When an acid reacts with a metal, hydrogen gas is usually released. This is a common chemical reaction studied in science.
General Reaction
Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen Gas
How the Reaction Happens
Acids contain hydrogen ions. When a metal reacts with these ions, the metal replaces hydrogen from the acid and forms a salt. During this process, hydrogen gas is released.
Important Observations
- Bubbles of gas are formed
- The reaction may produce heat
- A new substance called salt is produced
Examples
- Zinc + Hydrochloric acid → Zinc chloride + Hydrogen
- Magnesium + Sulphuric acid → Magnesium sulphate + Hydrogen
Identification of Hydrogen Gas
Hydrogen gas burns with a “pop” sound when a burning splint is brought near it.
Importance
This reaction is useful in laboratories for preparing hydrogen gas and understanding chemical reactions.
Related links
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- Class 10 Maths Chapter 3 Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables part-6
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