Class 10 Science MCQ Chemical Reactions, Electricity

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Practice Class 10 Science MCQs with detailed answers based on NCERT. Revise Chemical Reactions, Electricity, Human Brain, Acids and Bases, and Photosynthesis with easy explanations, exam tips, and revision notes.

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Chapter Information

Class: 10

Subject: Science

Quiz Type: Mixed Chapter Revision MCQ Quiz

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Based On: Latest NCERT Curriculum

Estimated Reading Time: 10–12 Minutes

Chapters Covered

• Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases and Salts
• Chapter 6 – Life Processes
• Chapter 7 – Control and Coordination
• Chapter 12 – Electricity

Introduction

Science in Class 10 introduces students to several important concepts that form the foundation for higher studies in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Regular practice of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) helps students strengthen conceptual understanding, improve accuracy, and prepare effectively for board examinations.

This mixed revision quiz includes questions from five important NCERT chapters: Chemical Reactions and Equations, Electricity, Control and Coordination, Acids, Bases and Salts, and Life Processes. These chapters are frequently tested in school examinations and competitive entrance tests.

Each MCQ is accompanied by a detailed explanation to help students understand the concept behind the correct answer instead of simply memorizing it. This approach improves long-term learning and builds confidence for examinations.

What You Will Learn

After completing this quiz, you will be able to:

• Identify a correctly balanced chemical equation.
• Recall the SI unit of electric current.
• Understand the function of the cerebellum in maintaining posture and balance.
• Explain the effect of acids on blue litmus paper.
• Understand the process of photosynthesis in green plants.
• Strengthen your conceptual understanding through detailed explanations.
• Improve your preparation for board exams, school tests, and competitive quizzes.

Why This Topic Is Important

The topics covered in this quiz are among the most important concepts in the Class 10 Science syllabus. They frequently appear in board examinations because they test students’ understanding of Chemistry, Physics, and Biology fundamentals.

Studying these concepts helps students:

• Develop a strong conceptual foundation across multiple Science chapters.
• Improve problem-solving and analytical skills.
• Perform better in school examinations and board exams.
• Revise important NCERT concepts in a short time.
• Prepare for higher-level Science studies with confidence.

A clear understanding of these concepts also helps students connect scientific principles with real-life applications, making learning more meaningful and effective.

Question 1

Which of the following is a balanced chemical equation?

Correct Answer

D. 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

Detailed Explanation

A balanced chemical equation is an equation in which the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides. According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.

In the equation:

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

• Hydrogen atoms:
  • Reactants = 4
  • Products = 4
• Oxygen atoms:
  • Reactants = 2
  • Products = 2

Since the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides, this is a balanced chemical equation.

Key Concept

A balanced equation follows the Law of Conservation of Mass, ensuring that the total number of atoms remains the same before and after the reaction.

Question 2

The SI unit of electric current is:

Correct Answer

D. Ampere

Detailed Explanation

Electric current is the rate at which electric charge flows through a conductor.

The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere (A), named after the French physicist André-Marie Ampère.

Related SI Units

• Current → Ampere (A)
• Voltage → Volt (V)
• Resistance → Ohm (Ω)
• Power → Watt (W)

Key Concept

Electric Current (I) is measured in Ampere (A).

Question 3

Which part of the human brain is responsible for maintaining posture and equilibrium?

Correct Answer

D. Cerebellum

Detailed Explanation

The cerebellum is a part of the hindbrain that coordinates voluntary muscle movements and maintains body posture, balance, and equilibrium.

It helps the body perform smooth and coordinated movements while standing, walking, running, or performing physical activities.

Functions of Different Brain Parts

• Cerebrum: Thinking, memory, intelligence, voluntary actions.
• Cerebellum: Balance, posture, muscle coordination.
• Medulla: Controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat and breathing.
• Pons: Connects different parts of the brain and helps regulate breathing.

Key Concept

The cerebellum is known as the balance center of the brain.

Question 4

Acid turns blue litmus paper into which colour?

Correct Answer

B. Red

Detailed Explanation

Litmus paper is a natural indicator used to identify acidic and basic substances.

When an acid comes in contact with blue litmus paper, it changes its colour to red.

Indicator Summary

• Acid → Blue Litmus turns Red
• Base → Red Litmus turns Blue

Common Examples of Acids

• Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
• Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄)
• Nitric Acid (HNO₃)
• Citric Acid (found in lemons)

Key Concept

Acids change blue litmus paper to red, while bases change red litmus paper to blue.

Question 5

The process by which green plants make their own food is called:

Correct Answer

A. Photosynthesis

Detailed Explanation

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll.

During this process, plants produce glucose as food and release oxygen into the atmosphere.

Requirements for Photosynthesis

• Sunlight
• Chlorophyll
• Carbon dioxide
• Water

Importance of Photosynthesis

• Produces food for plants.
• Releases oxygen needed by living organisms.
• Maintains the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
• Forms the basis of the food chain.

Key Concept

Photosynthesis is the primary source of food and oxygen for life on Earth.

Important Reactions & Concepts

Balanced Chemical Equation

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

This reaction shows the formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen.

Word Equation of Photosynthesis

Carbon Dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen (in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)

Related Practice Questions

Practice these additional NCERT-based questions.

1. Which law is followed by every balanced chemical equation?

A. Law of Gravitation

B. Law of Conservation of Mass

C. Ohm’s Law

D. Newton’s Second Law

2. Which SI unit is used to measure electric resistance?

A. Volt

B. Watt

C. Ohm

D. Joule

3. Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing?

A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

C. Medulla

D. Pons

4. Which indicator turns red in a basic solution?

A. Blue Litmus

B. Red Litmus

C. Turmeric

D. Phenolphthalein

5. Which gas is released during photosynthesis?

A. Nitrogen

B. Oxygen

C. Hydrogen

D. Carbon Dioxide

Mini Quiz Challenge

Test your memory without looking at the answers:

1. What is the SI unit of electric current?
2. Which part of the brain maintains body balance?
3. What colour does blue litmus paper turn in an acidic solution?
4. Name the process by which green plants prepare their own food.
5. Which law is satisfied by a balanced chemical equation?

Exam Tips

Scoring well in Class 10 Science requires a clear understanding of concepts rather than memorizing answers. Follow these practical tips to improve your performance:

• Read each NCERT chapter carefully before solving MCQs.
• Understand the concept behind every chemical equation and scientific process.
• Learn all important SI units, symbols, and definitions.
• Revise the functions of different parts of the human brain using diagrams.
• Practice balancing chemical equations regularly.
• Remember the properties of acids, bases, and indicators.
• Revise important biological processes such as photosynthesis with flowcharts.
• Solve mixed-topic MCQs to improve accuracy and time management.

Quick Revision Notes

Chemical Reactions and Equations

• A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides.
• It follows the Law of Conservation of Mass.
• Chemical equations are balanced by adjusting coefficients, not chemical formulas.

Example

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

Electricity

Electric Current

• Electric current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor.
• SI Unit: Ampere (A)
• Instrument used to measure current: Ammeter

Control and Coordination

Cerebellum

• Part of the hindbrain.
• Maintains posture, balance, and equilibrium.
• Coordinates voluntary muscle movements.

Cerebrum

• Controls thinking, memory, intelligence, learning, and voluntary actions.

Medulla

• Controls involuntary activities such as breathing and heartbeat.

Acids, Bases and Salts

Properties of Acids

• Turn blue litmus paper red.
• Usually have a sour taste.
• Release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in aqueous solution.

Properties of Bases

• Turn red litmus paper blue.
• Usually feel soapy.
• Release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in aqueous solution.

Life Processes

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, and water.

Products of Photosynthesis

• Glucose (Food)
• Oxygen

Common Mistakes Students Make

Many students lose marks due to avoidable mistakes. Keep these points in mind:

• Forgetting to balance chemical equations correctly.
• Changing chemical formulas instead of adjusting coefficients while balancing equations.
• Confusing Ampere with Volt, Ohm, or Watt.
• Mixing up the functions of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla.
• Forgetting that acids change blue litmus paper to red.
• Confusing photosynthesis with respiration.
• Ignoring scientific terms and SI units while writing answers.
• Memorizing facts without understanding the underlying concepts.

Important Formulas & Concepts

Balanced Chemical Equation

A chemical equation in which the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Example

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

Electric Current

Definition: The rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor.

SI Unit: Ampere (A)

Acid Test

Blue Litmus → Red

Base Test

Red Litmus → Blue

Photosynthesis (Word Equation)

Carbon Dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen

Conditions Required:

• Sunlight
• Chlorophyll

Important Scientific Facts

• Ampere is the SI unit of electric current.
• Cerebellum maintains posture and body balance.
• Acids turn blue litmus paper red.
• Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare food.
• Balanced chemical equations obey the Law of Conservation of Mass.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is a balanced chemical equation?

A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms of each element is equal on both the reactant and product sides.

2. What is the SI unit of electric current?

The SI unit of electric current is Ampere (A).

3. Which part of the brain controls balance and posture?

The cerebellum controls body balance, posture, and coordination of voluntary movements.

4. What happens when blue litmus paper is dipped in an acid?

Blue litmus paper turns red, indicating the presence of an acidic substance.

5. What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, and water to prepare food and release oxygen.

6. Why is balancing chemical equations important?

Balancing chemical equations ensures that the Law of Conservation of Mass is followed, meaning the total number of atoms remains the same before and after the reaction.

7. Why are SI units important in Science?

SI units provide a standard system of measurement used worldwide, making scientific calculations and communication accurate and consistent.

Key Takeaways

• A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms on both sides.
• Ampere (A) is the SI unit of electric current.
• The cerebellum maintains posture and body balance.
• Acids turn blue litmus paper red.
• Photosynthesis enables green plants to prepare their own food.
• Understanding concepts is more effective than memorizing answers.
• Regular NCERT-based MCQ practice improves confidence and exam performance.

Conclusion

The topics covered in this mixed Class 10 Science quiz are fundamental to understanding Chemistry, Physics, and Biology. Concepts such as balanced chemical equations, electric current, the functions of the human brain, acids and indicators, and photosynthesis are frequently tested in school and board examinations.

Regular practice of concept-based MCQs, along with revision of important definitions, formulas, and scientific facts, helps students strengthen their understanding and perform better in examinations. Make NCERT your primary study resource and revise these concepts regularly for long-term success.

Reference

This educational content is prepared for learning and practice purposes based on the concepts covered in the NCERT Science Textbooks for Class 10 (Latest Edition). The explanations, revision notes, practice questions, and FAQs are written in original language to simplify learning and strengthen conceptual understanding.

Source: NCERT Science Textbook for Class 10 (Latest Edition), including concepts from Chapter 1 (Chemical Reactions and Equations), Chapter 2 (Acids, Bases and Salts), Chapter 6 (Life Processes), Chapter 7 (Control and Coordination), and Chapter 12 (Electricity), published by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), India.

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