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Practice Class 10 Science Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases and Salts with 5 NCERT-based MCQs on neutralisation reactions, reactions of acids and bases, metal oxides, non-metal oxides and amphoteric oxides.
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Chapter Information
Subject: Science
Class: 10
Chapter: Acids, Bases and Salts
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Practice Set: 4
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Based On: NCERT Syllabus
Introduction
Acids and bases show several important chemical properties when they react with different substances. Acids react with metals, metal carbonates and metal oxides, while bases can react with certain metals and non-metal oxides.
These reactions help us understand how acidic and basic substances behave chemically.
This Practice Set 4 focuses on neutralisation reactions, reactions of acids with metal oxides, reactions of bases with non-metal oxides and amphoteric oxides.
What You Will Learn
✔ Reaction of acids with metal oxides
✔ Reaction of bases with non-metal oxides
✔ Neutralisation reactions
✔ Amphoteric oxides
✔ Reactions of bases with certain metals
✔ Chemical equations involving acids and bases
Why This Topic Is Important
Chemical properties of acids and bases are frequently tested through balanced chemical equations and reaction-based MCQs.
Students should understand not only the products formed but also the nature of the substances involved in each reaction.
5 MCQs with Answers and Detailed Solutions
Q1. What is formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with copper(II) oxide?
A) Copper chloride and water
B) Copper sulphate and hydrogen
C) Copper hydroxide and oxygen
D) Copper and water
Answer: A) Copper chloride and water
Detailed Solution
Copper(II) oxide (CuO) is a metal oxide and behaves as a basic oxide.
When it reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl), a salt and water are formed.
The reaction is:
CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O
Here:
- CuO = Copper(II) oxide
- HCl = Hydrochloric acid
- CuCl₂ = Copper(II) chloride
- H₂O = Water
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Exam Tip
Remember:
Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
Q2. Which gas reacts with sodium hydroxide to form a salt and water?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Nitrogen
Answer: A) Carbon dioxide
Detailed Solution
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a non-metal oxide and shows acidic character.
It reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium carbonate and water:
CO₂ + 2NaOH → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O
Thus, carbon dioxide can react with a base to form a salt and water.
Therefore, the correct answer is A) Carbon dioxide.
Exam Tip
Remember:
Non-metal oxide + Base → Salt + Water
Q3. Which of the following is an amphoteric oxide?
A) Sodium oxide
B) Magnesium oxide
C) Zinc oxide
D) Carbon dioxide
Answer: C) Zinc oxide
Detailed Solution
An amphoteric oxide can react with both acids and bases to form salt and water.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an important example of an amphoteric oxide.
It reacts with acids such as hydrochloric acid and also reacts with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide.
Therefore, the correct answer is C) Zinc oxide.
Exam Tip
Important amphoteric oxides include:
Zinc oxide (ZnO)
Aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃)
Q4. Which reaction represents a neutralisation reaction?
A) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
B) HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
C) CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂
D) 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
Answer: B) HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
Detailed Solution
A neutralisation reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to form salt and water.
The reaction is:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
Hydrochloric acid is the acid, while sodium hydroxide is the base.
Therefore, option B represents a neutralisation reaction.
Exam Tip
The simplest form to remember is:
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
Q5. Which of the following metals reacts with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide to produce hydrogen gas?
A) Copper
B) Zinc
C) Silver
D) Gold
Answer: B) Zinc
Detailed Solution
Certain metals such as zinc can react with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide to produce hydrogen gas.
For example, zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide under suitable conditions to form sodium zincate and hydrogen.
This shows that some metals can react with both acids and strong bases.
Therefore, the correct answer is B) Zinc.
Exam Tip
Remember:
Some metals such as zinc and aluminium can react with strong bases and release hydrogen gas.
Important Concepts
1. Reaction of Acids with Metal Oxides
Metal oxides are generally basic in nature.
They react with acids to produce salt and water.
Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
Example:
CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O
2. Reaction of Bases with Non-Metal Oxides
Many non-metal oxides are acidic in nature.
They react with bases to form salt and water.
Example:
CO₂ + 2NaOH → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O
Therefore:
Non-metal Oxide + Base → Salt + Water
3. Amphoteric Oxides
Some metal oxides can react with both acids and bases. Such oxides are called amphoteric oxides.
Important examples:
- Zinc oxide — ZnO
- Aluminium oxide — Al₂O₃
4. Neutralisation Reaction
A reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water is called a neutralisation reaction.
Example:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
5. Bases and Certain Metals
Some metals react with strong bases and produce hydrogen gas.
For example, zinc can react with sodium hydroxide under suitable conditions.
This is an important property of certain metals.
Related Practice Questions
Q1. What happens when a metal oxide reacts with an acid?
Q2. Why does carbon dioxide react with sodium hydroxide?
Q3. What are amphoteric oxides?
Q4. Give one example of a neutralisation reaction.
Q5. Which metals can react with strong bases to produce hydrogen?
Mini Quiz Challenge
Try answering these questions within 60 seconds.
Q1. What is formed when an acid reacts with a metal oxide?
A) Salt and water
B) Hydrogen only
C) Oxygen only
D) Metal and water
Q2. Which is an acidic oxide?
A) Na₂O
B) CaO
C) CO₂
D) MgO
Q3. Which oxide is amphoteric?
A) ZnO
B) CO₂
C) Na₂O
D) SO₂
Q4. Which equation represents neutralisation?
A) Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂
B) HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
C) CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂
D) C + O₂ → CO₂
Q5. Which metal can react with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide?
A) Zinc
B) Copper
C) Silver
D) Gold
Exam Tips
✔ Learn the general reaction Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water.
✔ Remember that many non-metal oxides show acidic character.
✔ Learn the meaning of amphoteric oxide.
✔ Remember ZnO and Al₂O₃ as important amphoteric oxides.
✔ Practise balanced chemical equations.
✔ Do not confuse neutralisation with the reaction of acids with metals.
✔ Remember that zinc and aluminium can react with strong bases under suitable conditions.
Quick Revision Notes
✔ Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
✔ Non-metal Oxide + Base → Salt + Water
✔ Neutralisation: Acid + Base → Salt + Water
✔ Amphoteric oxide: Oxide that reacts with both acids and bases
✔ ZnO: Amphoteric oxide
✔ Al₂O₃: Amphoteric oxide
✔ CO₂: Acidic non-metal oxide
✔ Zinc: Can react with strong bases under suitable conditions to produce hydrogen
Common Mistakes Students Make
❌ Thinking that all metal oxides are acidic.
❌ Confusing amphoteric oxides with only acidic or only basic oxides.
❌ Forgetting that CO₂ can react with a strong base.
❌ Confusing neutralisation with acid-metal reactions.
❌ Writing hydrogen as a product when an acid reacts with a metal oxide.
❌ Forgetting to balance chemical equations.
Key Takeaways
✔ Acids react with metal oxides to form salt and water.
✔ Many non-metal oxides show acidic behaviour.
✔ Carbon dioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide.
✔ Amphoteric oxides react with both acids and bases.
✔ Zinc oxide and aluminium oxide are important amphoteric oxides.
✔ Acid-base reactions producing salt and water are called neutralisation reactions.
✔ Certain metals such as zinc and aluminium can react with strong bases under suitable conditions.
FAQs
Q. What happens when hydrochloric acid reacts with copper oxide?
Answer:
Hydrochloric acid reacts with copper oxide to form copper chloride and water.
CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O
Q. What is an amphoteric oxide?
Answer:
An amphoteric oxide is an oxide that can react with both acids and bases to form suitable products.
Q. Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.
Answer:
Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) are common examples.
Q. Why does carbon dioxide react with sodium hydroxide?
Answer:
Carbon dioxide is a non-metal oxide with acidic character. It reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium carbonate and water.
Q. What is neutralisation?
Answer:
The reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water is called neutralisation.
Conclusion
Class 10 Science Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases and Salts covers important chemical properties of acids and bases, including their reactions with metal oxides, non-metal oxides and certain metals.
The set also introduces amphoteric oxides and reinforces the concept of neutralisation reactions, which are important for understanding further concepts in the chapter.
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