Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Matter in Our Surroundings

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Practice Class 9 Science Chapter 1 Matter in Our Surroundings MCQ Questions with Answers based on the latest NCERT syllabus. Solve important MCQs on states of matter, compressibility, diffusion, melting point, and everyday applications with detailed solutions for CBSE, State Board, Olympiad, and scholarship exams.

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Chapter Information

Subject: Science

Class: 9

Chapter: Matter in Our Surroundings

Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Difficulty Level: Moderate

Based On: NCERT Latest Syllabus (2026)

Introduction

Matter exists in different physical states and can change from one state to another under suitable conditions. Understanding particle arrangement, compressibility, melting point, and diffusion helps explain many natural and everyday processes.

What You Will Learn

✔ Compressibility of matter

✔ Melting point concepts

✔ Diffusion in liquids

✔ Properties of solids, liquids, and gases

✔ Everyday applications of states of matter

✔ NCERT-based concepts

✔ Conceptual problem-solving

Why This Topic Is Important?

This chapter builds the foundation for chemistry in higher classes. Questions based on compressibility, melting point, diffusion, and state changes are frequently asked in school exams, Olympiads, and scholarship tests.

1. MCQ Questions with Detailed Solutions

Q1. Which of the following substances has a fixed shape and fixed volume?

A) Air

B) Water

C) Oxygen

D) Iron Rod

Answer

D) Iron Rod

Concept Behind This Question

Solids possess both definite shape and definite volume.

Step-by-Step Solution

• Solids have tightly packed particles.
• They maintain their own shape and volume.
• Iron rod is a solid.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

Iron Rod

Exam Tip

Solid → Fixed shape + Fixed volume.

Q2. Which state of matter takes the shape of the container but has a fixed volume?

A) Solid

B) Liquid

C) Gas

D) Plasma

Answer

B) Liquid

Concept Behind This Question

Liquids have definite volume but no definite shape.

Step-by-Step Solution

• Liquids flow and take the shape of the container.
• However, their volume remains fixed.
• Therefore, liquids satisfy both conditions.

Exam Tip

Liquid → Fixed volume + No fixed shape.

Q3. Which of the following demonstrates diffusion in liquids?

A) Smell of incense spreading

B) Dissolving potassium permanganate crystals in water

C) Melting of ice

D) Formation of steam

Answer

B) Dissolving potassium permanganate crystals in water

Concept Behind This Question

Diffusion also occurs in liquids, although slower than in gases.

Step-by-Step Solution

• Potassium permanganate particles spread throughout water.
• Mixing occurs without stirring after some time.
• This process is diffusion.

Exam Tip

Diffusion occurs in solids, liquids, and gases.

Q4. The melting point of ice is:

A) 0°C

B) 25°C

C) 50°C

D) 100°C

Answer

A) 0°C

Concept Behind This Question

Melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.

Step-by-Step Solution

• Ice starts melting at 0°C.
• At this temperature, solid water changes into liquid water.
• Therefore, 0°C is the melting point of ice.

Exam Tip

0°C = Melting point of ice.

Q5. Why are gases used in balloons?

A) They have fixed shape

B) They have fixed volume

C) They can expand and fill available space

D) They are heavier than solids

Answer

C) They can expand and fill available space

Concept Behind This Question

Gas particles move freely and occupy the entire available volume.

Step-by-Step Solution

• Gas particles move randomly.
• They spread throughout the available space.
• Therefore, gases fill balloons completely.

Exam Tip

Gases have neither fixed shape nor fixed volume.

Important Formulas & Concepts

1. Solid

Has definite shape and definite volume.

2. Liquid

Has definite volume but no definite shape.

3. Gas

Has neither definite shape nor definite volume.

4. Melting Point

Temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.

Example:

Ice melts at 0°C.

5. Diffusion in Liquids

The spontaneous mixing of particles within liquids.

Related Practice Questions

1. Which state has fixed shape and volume?
2. Why do liquids take the shape of a container?
3. Give an example of diffusion in liquids.
4. What is the melting point of ice?
5. Why do gases occupy the entire container?

Mini Quiz Challenge

Fill in the blanks

1. Liquids have fixed __________.
2. Ice melts at __________ °C.
3. Gases have no fixed shape or __________.

Answers

1. Volume
2. 0
3. Volume

Exam Tips

✔ Compare the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

✔ Learn important temperatures related to water.

✔ Practice examples of diffusion.

✔ Revise state-change definitions regularly.

✔ Focus on NCERT activities and observations.

Quick Revision Notes

✔ Solids have fixed shape and volume.

✔ Liquids have fixed volume but no fixed shape.

✔ Gases have neither fixed shape nor volume.

✔ Diffusion occurs in liquids.

✔ Ice melts at 0°C.

✔ Gas particles spread in all directions.

✔ Gases fill the entire available space.

Common Mistakes Students Make

❌ Confusing melting point with boiling point.

❌ Assuming diffusion occurs only in gases.

❌ Mixing properties of liquids and gases.

❌ Forgetting that liquids have fixed volume.

❌ Assuming gases have a fixed shape.

Key Takeaways

✔ Solids possess fixed shape and volume.

✔ Liquids have fixed volume but variable shape.

✔ Diffusion occurs in liquids as well as gases.

✔ Ice melts at 0°C.

✔ Gases expand to occupy all available space.

✔ Understanding states of matter is essential for chemistry.

FAQs

1. Which state has fixed shape and fixed volume?

Solid state.

2. What is the melting point of ice?

0°C.

3. Does diffusion occur in liquids?

Yes, diffusion occurs in liquids but more slowly than in gases.

4. Why do liquids take the shape of a container?

Because their particles can move past one another.

5. Why do gases fill the entire container?

Because gas particles move freely in all directions.

Conclusion

The properties of solids, liquids, and gases are determined by the arrangement and movement of their particles. Concepts such as diffusion, melting point, and compressibility help explain many real-world phenomena and provide a strong foundation for future chemistry topics.

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