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Practice Class 10 Science MCQ Questions with Answers based on NCERT concepts. Revise female reproductive organs, functional groups, reactions of acids with metals, image formation in the human eye, and artificial ecosystems with exam-focused explanations.
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Chapter Information
Subject: Science
Class: 10
Topics: How Do Organisms Reproduce?, Carbon Compounds, Acids and Bases, Human Eye and the Colourful World, Our Environment
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Difficulty Level: Easy to Moderate
Based On: NCERT Concepts
Introduction
Class 10 Science includes several important concepts from Biology, Chemistry and Physics. Understanding the basic principles behind reproduction, chemical reactions, the human eye and ecosystems helps students solve conceptual questions with greater confidence.
This practice set contains five MCQs covering important Class 10 Science concepts and is designed for quick revision and examination preparation.
What You Will Learn
✔ Production of female germ cells
✔ Functional groups in carbon compounds
✔ Reaction of iron with dilute hydrochloric acid
✔ Image formation by the human eye
✔ Artificial ecosystems
Why This Topic Is Important?
These concepts are important because they connect fundamental ideas from different branches of Science. They are also useful for school tests, board examination preparation and revision of NCERT-based concepts.
Exam Relevance
These questions are useful for:
✔ CBSE Exams
✔ State Board Exams
✔ School Tests
✔ Unit Tests
✔ Half-Yearly Exams
✔ Annual Exams
✔ Board Examination Revision
Q1. The female germ cells are produced in the:
A) Cervix
B) Ovary
C) Uterus
D) Fallopian tube
Answer
Ovary
Concept
The ovaries are the female reproductive organs that produce female germ cells, called ova or eggs.
Explanation
In the human female reproductive system, the ovaries have two major functions: they produce female gametes and secrete important reproductive hormones.
Description:
In the female body, reproductive cells known as ova (egg cells) are formed in the ovary. The ovary is an important part of the female reproductive system. It not only produces egg cells but also releases hormones that help in growth and reproductive functions.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
Ovary
Exam Focus
Remember:
Ovary → Production of female gametes (ova)
Q2. Which of the following is a functional group of Butanone?
A) Ketone
B) Alcohol
C) Carboxylic acid
D) Aldehyde
Answer
Ketone
Concept
Butanone contains the ketone functional group.
Its structural representation can be written as:
$$CH_3-CO-CH_2-CH_3$$
The carbonyl group $$>C=O$$ is located within the carbon chain, which identifies the compound as a ketone.
Explanation
Functional groups determine many of the characteristic properties of organic compounds.
In butanone, the carbonyl group occurs between two carbon atoms. Therefore, it belongs to the ketone family.
Description:
Butanone is an organic compound that contains a carbon-oxygen double bond (C=O) within its carbon chain. This group is present on a middle carbon atom, not at the end. When the carbonyl group is located in the middle of the chain, the compound is classified as a ketone. Therefore, Butanone belongs to the ketone group.
Exam Focus
Ketone → Carbonyl group present within the carbon chain
Q3. What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings?
A) No reaction takes place.
B) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced.
C) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
D) Iron salt and water are produced.
Answer
Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
Concept
Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form an iron salt and release hydrogen gas.
The reaction can be represented as:
$$Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2$$
Explanation
Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. Iron forms iron(II) chloride, while hydrogen gas is released.
Description:
When iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, it replaces hydrogen from the acid. As a result, iron chloride and hydrogen gas are formed. The hydrogen gas can be observed as bubbles during the reaction. This is an example of a metal reacting with an acid.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
Exam Focus
Remember the general pattern:
$$\text{Metal}+\text{Dilute Acid}\rightarrow\text{Salt}+\text{Hydrogen}$$
Q4. The human eye forms the image of an object at its:
A) Cornea
B) Iris
C) Pupil
D) Retina
Answer
Retina
Concept
The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye where the image of an object is formed.
Explanation
Light entering the eye is refracted by the cornea and eye lens. The lens focuses the light onto the retina, where an image is formed and detected by light-sensitive cells.
The information is then transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve.
Description:
In the human eye, the image of an object is formed on the retina. The retina is a light-sensitive layer present at the back of the eye. It receives light and converts it into signals, which are then sent to the brain for interpretation.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
Retina
Exam Focus
Eye lens → Focuses light → Retina → Image formation
Q5. Which of the following is an example of an artificial ecosystem?
A) Forest
B) Lake
C) Crop field
D) Pond
Answer
Crop field
Concept
An artificial ecosystem is an ecosystem that is created and maintained by humans.
Explanation
A crop field is maintained by humans through activities such as cultivation, irrigation, adding nutrients and protecting crops.
A forest and a lake are examples of natural ecosystems, while a crop field is a commonly used example of an artificial ecosystem.
Description:
An artificial ecosystem is one that is created and maintained by humans. A crop field is a good example because it requires human care such as watering, use of fertilizers, and protection. It does not function naturally without human involvement.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
Crop field
Exam Focus
Crop field → Artificial ecosystem
Important Formulas & Concepts
1. Female Reproductive System
The ovary produces female gametes called ova.
2. Ketone Functional Group
Butanone contains a ketone group.
General representation:
$$R-CO-R’$$
3. Iron and Hydrochloric Acid
$$Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2$$
Products:
Iron(II) chloride + Hydrogen
4. Human Eye
The image of an object is formed on the:
Retina
5. Artificial Ecosystem
A crop field is an example of an ecosystem created and maintained by humans.
Related Practice Questions
- Which organ produces ova in human females?
- What functional group is present in ethanol?
- What gas is released when a reactive metal reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?
- Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering the eye?
- Give another example of an artificial ecosystem.
Mini Quiz Challenge
Fill in the blanks:
- Female gametes are produced in the ______.
- Butanone belongs to the ______ family.
- Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to release ______ gas.
- The image in the human eye is formed on the ______.
- A ______ is an example of an artificial ecosystem.
Exam Tips
✔ Remember that ovaries produce female gametes.
✔ Identify a ketone by the position of its carbonyl group within the carbon chain.
✔ Revise the general reaction of metals with dilute acids.
✔ The retina is the image-forming screen of the eye.
✔ A crop field is a common example of an artificial ecosystem.
Quick Revision Notes
✔ Female germ cells → Ovary
✔ Butanone → Ketone
✔ Iron + dilute HCl → Iron chloride + Hydrogen
✔ Image formation in eye → Retina
✔ Artificial ecosystem → Crop field
Common Mistakes Students Make
❌ Confusing ovary with uterus or fallopian tube.
❌ Identifying butanone as an alcohol or aldehyde.
❌ Forgetting that hydrogen gas is released when iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
❌ Confusing the retina with the cornea or pupil.
❌ Considering every naturally occurring ecosystem to be artificial.
Key Takeaways
- Ovaries produce female germ cells.
- Butanone contains a ketone functional group.
- Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce iron chloride and hydrogen.
- The retina is the screen where the eye forms an image.
- A crop field is an example of an artificial ecosystem.
FAQs
1. Where are female germ cells produced?
Female germ cells are produced in the ovaries.
2. What functional group is present in butanone?
Butanone contains a ketone functional group.
3. What happens when iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid?
Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form iron(II) chloride and release hydrogen gas.
$$Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2$$
4. Where is the image formed in the human eye?
The image is formed on the retina.
5. What is an example of an artificial ecosystem?
A crop field is an example of an artificial ecosystem.
Conclusion
These five questions revise important Class 10 Science concepts from Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Environmental Science. Understanding the underlying concepts rather than simply memorising answers helps students solve similar questions in examinations and strengthens their NCERT-based preparation.
NCERT Reference
Book: NCERT Science – Class 10
Relevant Concepts: Reproduction in Organisms, Carbon Compounds, Chemical Reactions and Acids, Human Eye and the Colourful World, and Our Environment.
Based On: NCERT concepts and Class 10 Science curriculum.
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