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Practice Class 10 Science Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases and Salts with 5 NCERT-based MCQs on baking soda, sodium hydrogen carbonate, its preparation, chemical reactions, and practical uses.
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Chapter Information
Subject: Science
Class: 10
Chapter: Acids, Bases and Salts
Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Practice Set: 6
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Based On: NCERT Syllabus
Introduction
Baking soda is an important compound discussed in the chapter Acids, Bases and Salts. Its chemical name is sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃).
It has several useful applications in everyday life. It is also involved in important chemical reactions in which carbon dioxide is released.
This Practice Set 6 focuses on sodium hydrogen carbonate, its preparation, chemical reactions and important uses of baking soda.
What You Will Learn
✔ Baking soda
✔ Chemical name and formula of baking soda
✔ Preparation of sodium hydrogen carbonate
✔ Reaction of baking soda with acids
✔ Thermal decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate
✔ Uses of baking soda
✔ Role of baking soda in baking
Why This Topic Is Important
Baking soda is an important NCERT topic because students need to understand its chemical formula, preparation, reactions and practical applications.
Questions based on the decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate and the role of carbon dioxide in making cakes and bread soft are commonly asked in examinations.
5 MCQs with Answers and Detailed Solutions
Q1. What is the chemical formula of baking soda?
A) Na₂CO₃
B) NaHCO₃
C) NaOH
D) NaCl
Answer: B) NaHCO₃
Detailed Solution
The chemical name of baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Its chemical formula is:
NaHCO₃
It is also called sodium bicarbonate.
Therefore, the correct answer is B) NaHCO₃.
Exam Tip
Remember:
Baking soda → Sodium hydrogen carbonate → NaHCO₃
Q2. Which acid is used in the preparation of baking soda by the Solvay process?
A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Sulphuric acid
C) Carbonic acid
D) Nitric acid
Answer: C) Carbonic acid
Detailed Solution
In the Solvay process, sodium hydrogen carbonate is formed by passing carbon dioxide through a concentrated solution containing sodium chloride and ammonia.
The overall reaction for formation of sodium hydrogen carbonate can be represented as:
NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ + NH₃ → NH₄Cl + NaHCO₃
Carbonic acid is involved in the chemical process through carbon dioxide dissolved in water, but the reaction is generally represented using CO₂, rather than directly adding carbonic acid.
Therefore, among the given options, C) Carbonic acid is the intended answer.
Exam Tip
For NCERT preparation, remember the important reaction:
NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ + NH₃ → NH₄Cl + NaHCO₃
Q3. What happens when baking soda is heated strongly?
A) It produces sodium chloride and hydrogen
B) It decomposes to form sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water
C) It produces sodium hydroxide and oxygen
D) It changes directly into sodium chloride
Answer: B) It decomposes to form sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water
Detailed Solution
When sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated, it undergoes thermal decomposition.
The reaction is:
2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
Thus, heating baking soda produces:
- Sodium carbonate
- Water
- Carbon dioxide
The carbon dioxide released is particularly important in baking.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
Exam Tip
Remember:
2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
Q4. Why is baking soda used in making cakes and bread?
A) It releases oxygen
B) It releases carbon dioxide, making the dough rise
C) It removes all water from the dough
D) It produces sodium chloride
Answer: B) It releases carbon dioxide, making the dough rise
Detailed Solution
Baking soda can release carbon dioxide gas when heated or when it reacts with an acid.
The carbon dioxide forms bubbles in the dough, causing it to expand and become soft and spongy.
Therefore, baking soda is useful in baking.
Hence, the correct answer is B.
Exam Tip
Remember:
Baking soda → CO₂ → Dough rises → Soft and spongy cake/bread
Q5. Which of the following is a common use of baking soda?
A) As an ingredient in antacids
B) As a fuel
C) As a metal
D) As an indicator
Answer: A) As an ingredient in antacids
Detailed Solution
Baking soda is a mild base and can neutralise excess acid.
Therefore, it is used as an ingredient in antacids, which help relieve excess acidity in the stomach.
It is also used in baking and in some fire extinguishers.
Hence, the correct answer is A) As an ingredient in antacids.
Exam Tip
Important uses of baking soda include:
Baking + Antacids + Fire extinguishers
Important Concepts
1. Baking Soda
Baking soda is commonly known as sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Formula: NaHCO₃
It is a mild basic salt.
2. Preparation of Baking Soda
Sodium hydrogen carbonate can be prepared in the Solvay process.
An important reaction is:
NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ + NH₃ → NH₄Cl + NaHCO₃
Sodium hydrogen carbonate is obtained as a precipitate because it has relatively low solubility under the conditions used.
3. Thermal Decomposition
On heating, baking soda decomposes:
2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
The carbon dioxide produced has important practical applications.
4. Baking
Carbon dioxide released from baking soda helps dough rise.
The gas forms bubbles that make baked products light, soft and spongy.
5. Baking Soda as an Antacid
Baking soda is a mild base and can neutralise excess acid.
Therefore, it can be used as an ingredient in antacids.
Related Practice Questions
Q1. What is the chemical name of baking soda?
Q2. Write the chemical formula of sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Q3. What happens when sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated?
Q4. Why does baking soda make cakes soft and spongy?
Q5. Why is baking soda used in antacids?
Mini Quiz Challenge
Try answering these questions within 60 seconds.
Q1. Baking soda is:
A) NaCl
B) NaOH
C) NaHCO₃
D) Na₂CO₃
Q2. Which gas is released when baking soda is heated?
A) Hydrogen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Chlorine
Q3. What is formed along with carbon dioxide when NaHCO₃ is heated?
A) Na₂CO₃ and H₂O
B) NaCl and H₂
C) NaOH and O₂
D) CaCO₃ and H₂O
Q4. Which property makes baking soda useful as an antacid?
A) It is a mild base
B) It is a strong acid
C) It releases chlorine
D) It is a metal
Q5. Why is baking soda useful in baking?
A) It releases CO₂
B) It releases N₂
C) It absorbs all oxygen
D) It produces NaCl
Exam Tips
✔ Remember the formula NaHCO₃.
✔ Learn the chemical name sodium hydrogen carbonate.
✔ Memorise the thermal decomposition equation.
✔ Remember that CO₂ makes dough rise.
✔ Learn the use of baking soda as an antacid.
✔ Understand why baking soda is useful in cakes and bread.
✔ Do not confuse baking soda with washing soda.
Quick Revision Notes
✔ Baking soda: Sodium hydrogen carbonate
✔ Formula: NaHCO₃
✔ Heating: 2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
✔ Gas released: Carbon dioxide
✔ Baking: CO₂ helps dough rise
✔ Antacid: Baking soda can neutralise excess stomach acid
✔ Nature: Mildly basic
Common Mistakes Students Make
❌ Confusing NaHCO₃ with Na₂CO₃.
❌ Forgetting that baking soda produces carbon dioxide on heating.
❌ Writing hydrogen instead of carbon dioxide as the gas released.
❌ Confusing baking soda with baking powder.
❌ Forgetting the role of CO₂ in making cakes and bread soft.
❌ Not balancing the decomposition equation.
Key Takeaways
✔ Baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate.
✔ Its chemical formula is NaHCO₃.
✔ Heating baking soda produces sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide.
✔ Carbon dioxide helps cakes and bread rise.
✔ Baking soda is a mild base.
✔ It can be used as an ingredient in antacids.
✔ Baking soda has several useful applications in everyday life.
FAQs
Q. What is the chemical name of baking soda?
Answer:
The chemical name of baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Q. What is the formula of baking soda?
Answer:
The chemical formula of baking soda is NaHCO₃.
Q. What happens when baking soda is heated?
Answer:
It decomposes to form sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide.
2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
Q. Why is baking soda used in cakes?
Answer:
It releases carbon dioxide, which makes the dough rise and helps produce a soft and spongy texture.
Q. Why is baking soda used in antacids?
Answer:
Baking soda is a mild base and can neutralise excess acid in the stomach.
Conclusion
Class 10 Science Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases and Salts focuses on baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate), including its formula, preparation, thermal decomposition and important uses.
The key reaction 2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂ is especially important for examinations because it explains the release of carbon dioxide and the role of baking soda in baking.
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